Sandblasting or bead
blasting is a generic term for the process of smoothing, shaping and
cleaning a hard surface by forcing solid particles across that surface
at high speeds; the effect is similar to that of using sandpaper, but
provides a more even finish with no problems at corners or in crannies.
Sandblasting can occur naturally, usually as a result of the particle
blown by the wind causing eolian erosion, or artificially, using
compressed air. An artificial sandblasting process was patented by
Benjamin Chew Tilghman on October 18, 1870.
Historically, the material used for artificial sandblasting was sand
that had been sieved to a uniform size. Other materials for
sandblasting have been developed to be used instead of sand; for
example: steel grit, steel shots, copper slag, glass beads (bead
blasting), metal pellets, dry ice, garnet, powdered abrasives of various
grades, powdered slag, walnut shells and even ground coconut shells or
corncobs have been used for specific applications and produce distinct
surface finishes. We use High Grade fine sand.

Reprinted
from
Wikipedia.com